Course Project Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Course Project - Case Study Example While attempting to recognize the reasons related with the accomplishment of the systems for Apple IPod, center must be given around various issues. The main explanation that should be featured is that the organization Apple gives a great deal of spotlight on presenting advancement in its items (Travlos, 2013). Furthermore, the organization likes to advance effortlessness in its item contributions. By having an exceptionally oversimplified sort of a UI for the IPod, the organization had the option to make an ideal purpose of contrast for its music item (Bajarin, 2012). The third factor is that the IPod was propelled in the market alongside a packaged free assistance offering. The free assistance offering which is prevalently known as iTunes, helped in an extraordinary path in improving the client experience for the item (LePage, 2006). The fourth factor that directed accomplishment to the IPod is the novel method of item advertising and marking by Apple. Since advertising is tied in with creating enthusiasm for the psyches of the purchasers, the promoting approach of Apple was increasingly centered around creating the buzz for the new item offering of the organization at the hour of dispatch. Likewise, the organization concentrated on situating the item as a design adornment, in this way setting off a further interest for the item (Weisbein, 2008). At long last, the last purpose behind achievement of the Apple IPod is the capacity of the organization to make an engaged crowd. By structuring the exceptionally elegant way of life natured music gadget as it were, that it will acknowledge just contributions from the company’s music site, helped in an incredible path in making an enraptured crowd, which naturally produced an immense measure of income for the organization (Schulhof, 2006, p. 2). Smaller than expected Case 2: Failure The subsequent scaled down case centers around examining the reasons prompting disappointment for a methodology of a specific org anization. With the end goal of significance, the organization that has been chosen is Nokia, which is an internationally present portable assembling and showcasing organization. Speaking progressively about the organization, it needs extraordinary featuring that Nokia over the most recent few years, has lost its market strength position to different contenders like Apple, Samsung, and so on. On leading a top to bottom investigation, different purposes of defects have been uncovered. The primary factor that must be considered is that the telecom organization lost its item related edge in the market. While its rivals concentrated on emphatically advancing items which are high on creative highlights, the organization adopted a laid back strategy (ET Bureau, 2013). Also, the organization bombed in an extraordinary method to recognize the changing and quickly advancing worldwide versatile market. While the market was to Smartphones with contact highlights created by its rivals, Nokia st uck for a lot of time to with advancing Smartphones that needed uniqueness in its item offering (News, 2012). Thirdly, the factor of brand situating must be thought about. The cumbersome telephone introduced by Nokia lost its edge in the market while contending with other mainstream brands which are high on style and item advance. Over some undefined time frame, because of loss of brand claim, Nokia’s items looked exceptionally antiquated when contrasted with the rival’s homogenous and elective item contributions (Chang, 2012). Cross Case examination For the motivation behind leading a cross case investigation, it should be referenced that both Apple and Nokia fall in the business class of gadgets.

The Prophet Muhammad Achievements

Presentation Throughout the historical backdrop of humankind the detachments of God’s divine message have been diminished to survivors of brutality and disparagement; from Adam to Muhammad this pattern has been rehashed. Numerous accomplishments in this world can be ascribed to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW)(Cheema 1).Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on The Prophet Muhammad Achievements explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Generally, Prophet Muhammad was an incredible sponsor of humanity and this conversation will try to comprehend the individual that he was, particularly in light with this age where extremism and partiality has made the instructing of the incomparable Prophet be misjudged. Thusly, it’s essential to freely take a gander at the character and the individual that the prophet was and subsequently this article. Conversation Prophet Muhammad was the last prophet of God as indicated by The Quran, the Muslims blessed book. Prophet M uhammad was brought into the world the year 560 AD in the city of Mecca Saudi Arabia. Muhammad was raised by his uncle Abu Taib after he turned into a vagrant at an early age. No documentation exist showing whether he got conventional instruction with respect to perusing and composing, anyway as delineated by The Quran the experience between the Prophet and Angel Gabriel exhibits that he didn’t get any formal education(Kathir 190). In the area that Prophet Muhammad started from, corruption, pitilessness, polytheism, icon revering and absence of education existed at a high rate. Subjugation on its part had gotten so wild on that piece of the world. Prophet Muhammad was a calm youngster who kept detached from the individuals who took an interest in agnosticism and the ceremonies related with the locale at that time.He started to lecture about the presence of just on God â€Allah and at 40 years old after he got his first disclosure (Kathir 191). His proclaiming of the presenc e of just a single God pulled in resistance from the agnostics of Mecca (Quraysh).They offered him blessings, force, respect and material things with the expectation that he would forsake his proclaiming and rather lecture about the symbols. The prophet rejected this offer expressing that he could never revoke his crucial if the sun will be put on his correct hand and the moon on his left hand. Having taken this position he and his supporters were exiled from Mecca subsequent to being tormented and some of them being fiercely slaughtered by the Quraysh. He moved to Medina where he built up himself in the wake of being heartily invited (Azzam 14).Advertising Looking for article on religion religious philosophy? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The agnostics of Mecca were resolved to uncover the new religion constraining Muhammad to guard himself in a few wars. He was effective with all due respect, with the assistance of a littl e power, 10,000 supporters; he had the option to vanquish an immense, well prepared and all around prepared power (Rizvi 13). Close to a mind-blowing finish he came back to Mecca, his old neighborhood where he took over it and pronounced a general absolution for everybody including the individuals who had perpetrated genuine wrongdoings. He brought peace inside a brief time of ten years to individuals who were notable for rebellion, unethical behavior and numbness. From that point, Islam spread to most of Arabia and now to all sides of the world. No man with Muhammad’s achievements up 'til now again been delivered to the world. The Prophet had uncountable achievements throughout his life live alone the world, including yet not restricted to being a prophet, judge, reformer, political pioneer and a moralist. Other than these achievements he was an individual of model character who tried to do he said others should do as exhibited in the Hadiths. He had the best ethics describe d by honesty, pardoning humbleness and numerous others. The prophet Muhammad had an extraordinary love for the omnipotent God. For greater part of his life since he was a kid, he committed his life to attempting to set up a cozy relationship with God by imploring, fasting and investing a ton of energy asking to him. The Prophet frequented a collapse Hira where he regularly went to quick and implore. It was during such a circumstance when he got his first divine revelation (Cheema 2). During hardships and enduring the prophet indicated a ton of persistence and nothing grabbed hold of him as he was never disheartened by unfriendly conditions or individual wants. Other than the demise of his dad and later his granddad, the prophet had been looked by the passing of a few of his spouses including Khadija and seven of his youngsters. Regardless the Prophet stayed extremely persistent and stately in his habits, a character not saw in the individuals around him, this character was exhibited in one of the event that he scolded a lady who was involved in uproarious grieving of the passing of her kid to which the Prophet advised her to be quiet and acknowledge divine beings will, not realizing that she was conversing with a Prophet of God, the lady revealed to him that he(the Prophet) couldn’t comprehend the torment that accompanies losing a kid as he had never lost any to which the Prophet disclosed to her that he had lost seven children(Cheema 5).Advertising We will compose a custom article test on The Prophet Muhammad Achievements explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Muslims have been ordered by the Prophet to treat the poor compassionate as described by Abu Said Al-Khudri, the Prophet urged Muslims to help different Muslims by giving them garments, nourishments and drinks and consequently they will be compensated in heaven by being given fabrics by green pieces of clothing of heaven, products of heaven and unadulterated wine (Cheema 11) Acqui sition of riches isn't disheartened by the Prophet or disallowed yet rather he demands that they ought to be obtained legally and a piece of it given to poor people. For an amazing duration the Prophet empowered difficult work, freedom and nobleness of the individuals. He empowered cause; the Prophet was generally rich, anyway in his home he never for over a day stayed without appropriating his riches to good cause, the Prophet for the most part utilized his riches to satisfy God (Cheema 12). End Millions of individuals everywhere throughout the world despite everything cherish and love Prophet Muhammad(saw), he has changed the lives of many including ladies by carrying appreciation and nobility to them. Islam’s establishment depends on His accepts and lessons and it is therefore that the obstructions of tribalism, prejudice, influence and riches have had the option to be broken. The fate of humankind is still to a great extent affected by his upheaval and the report which be ars God’s message sent through him, Quran, keep on bringing astuteness, direction, and impact to all men everywhere throughout the world. Rationalists, antiquarians, understudies of religion, pioneers, Muslims and non-Muslims the same proceed to recognize and respect the Prophet a large number of years after his demise (Akhtar 10). Works Cited Akhtar S.H. Prophet Muhammad.Austin Texas.2009, Web.6 Oct.2011. Azzam K.A.Life of The Prophet Muhammad.New York.June 2003. Web.6 Oct 2011.Advertising Searching for article on religion philosophy? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Cheema M.A.The Holy Prophet Muhammad.New York:Hart publishiung,Sep 2001.Web.6 Oct 2011. Kadhir I.A.Stories of The Prophets,Al Azhar(Trans).Riyadh:Darusalam, 2005.Web.6 Oct.2011. Rizvi S.S.The Life of Muhammad the Prophet.TZ:Oxford publishing,June 2009.Web.6 Oct 2011. This exposition on The Prophet Muhammad Achievements was composed and put together by client Christina Wagner to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it appropriately. You can give your paper here.

SPRING 2014 APPLICATION COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

SPRING 2014 APPLICATION COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Last year we reopened the Spring term option for our MIA and MPA candidates interested in getting a head start to the year.   It was well received due to its smaller size and timing. With the success of the class and the number of interested prospective candidates, we will keep offering Spring admissions.   So if youve been worried that Spring would no longer be an option, dont despair, its here to stay. Our Spring candidates were a little older than our fall candidates and with that they came into the program with a bit more experience.   It probably also explains the preparedness for the ones we admitted and enrolled.   The shorter time line from when an applicant applies, receives an admission decision, deposits, enrolls for classes, and start classes calls for someone who knows what they want to study, have done their research on programs available in the spring, have visited the schools, spoken with admissions counselors, students, alumni, faculty, etc extensively, and have made financial arrangements to be here all in a matter of a few short months. So for all those who know that they want to be at SIPA and are ready to begin the next chapter of their lives We offer you Spring 2014.   The application is available now earlier than expected if youve been patiently waiting (thank you) for the Spring application to open, you have to wait no more.   Click here and explore. SIPA MIA/ MPA Spring 2014 Admission timeline: August 6: Application goes live October 15:   Application deadline December 2: Decision Notifications; however, Spring applications are reviewed on a rolling basis, which means if you submit a completed application before the deadline, then you will receive a decision earlier great for candidates who need to know sooner rather than later. December 14: Deposit Deadline January 15 16: Mandatory Orientation January 21:   Classes begin

My Life From The Age Of Five Essay - 1285 Words

Reflection When I reflect on my life from birth to the age of five, I have very different memories and experiences than most. I would say almost all of the students in this class reflect upon a happy childhood, which wasn’t the case for me. My mother was an alcoholic and my father was an alcoholic and drug user. I am very glad that I don’t remember everything that happened, but I do remember some pretty key moments in my life. The first thing that I remember was my brother and I being left unattended for a majority of the first five years. Since both of my parents were addicts and had â€Å"needs† often times they would not come home for periods of time. I was left to attend to my brother who is two years younger than me. Aside from being left alone, my mother was also abusive. I remember one Christmas I had opened a present early and hid it. When I refused to tell my mother where it was she beat me and threw me against the bed where I hit the frame. This wasn’t the only time I can remember my mother getting violent with me, just one of the worst. My younger brother started to take on the same tendencies that were exhibited by my mother. One afternoon my mother forced me to take a nap with her. She had her arm around me so I couldn’t leave. My brother and I were bickering and he ended up throwing a knife at me. It hit me in the head and I had to go to the emergency room and get stitches right above my eye. I often wonder how my brother and I survived. My parents were reported toShow MoreRelatedWhat I Learned About The Elderly1295 Words   |  6 Pagesthat happen to people once they reach the age of sixty-five. They are now classified as the elderly and possibly grandparents. Aging has many benefits, such as retirement, but has some disadvantages as well, such as decreasing in health. 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The Five personalityRead MoreThe Five Personality Traits Definitions813 Words   |  4 Pages The five personality traits, a person’s, portray Neuroticism, Extroversion, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Openness to experience. A person does have a small genetic bias relates to personality. Men and Women do have different genetic makeup that is more prone to gender-based social encounters. For example, with two different sexes experience the same incident and the outcome results being different. The unanswered question is Men from Mars and Women from Venus. The Five personalityRead MoreEriksons Theory of Psychosocial Development806 Words   |  4 Pages2013 Eriksons theory of psychosocial development looks at a persons progress personality wise from birth to death. Eriksons theory breaks down the development of personality by explaining eight different stages. 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Retirement is based on the comfortable retirement that is created by social security, pension and realistic savings (â€Å"Frequently Asked Questions about Social Security’s Future,† n.d.). Before this course, I had a vague understanding of retirement. All I knew about retirement was to start young and plan on taking ten percent of each paycheck into a saving account that is to beRead MoreCommunication Technology and the End of Childhood912 Words   |  4 Pagesfilled my childhood. Each morning I would awake and wonder what adventure the day ahead would bring. Would it be playing families with my dolls? Or w ould my Bratz be taking a trip to the beach? Or would it even be a picnic in the wood down the road? Nowadays, children awake to reach for their iPad and for the rest of the day are absorbed in games that do not require any imagination to play. Honestly, I feel sorry for them. They no longer receive the opportunity to embrace that time of their life andRead MoreThe Growing Up Of The Harlem Brooklyn1084 Words   |  5 PagesYork, approximately thirty thousand families were living at shelters in 2012. I am not ashamed to say that my family and I were included in those statistics. For the past three years, the percentage of families in shelters around New York City have increased. Growing up in The Bronx was extremely challenging for adolescents due to the amount of drugs and crime. Many families are receiving help from the city and still can not afford housing or food. Homelessness has also increased, creating every cornerRead MorePersonal Reflection : John Bowlby s Attachment Theory 1527 Words   |  7 PagesTheory, children come into the world â€Å"programed† to create attachments with others in order to help them survive. The attachment that is created during the infants first few days and week of life is extremely important. The attachment that is created early on in the life, can affect development through out ones life. During Anisworth’s research, she established several types of attachment styles. The securely attached child would be visibly upset when their mother walked out of the room and wanted the

The Lesser Of Two Evils Essay - 879 Words

The Lesser Of Two Evils: Why the Atomic Bomb Was Justified nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As history has progressed, Man has always looked back and debated why certain actions occurred and whether or not such measures should have been taken. Though numerous such arguments take place, one of the most debated issues is that of the dropping of the atomic bomb at the end of World War Two. Critics of the atomic bomb argue that far too many people were killed through the United States’ use of the bomb, they state that other means were available. The fact of the matter is, only one other method was available and that was the overland invasion of Japan. The Bombs use, despite the many casualties it caused, actually saved lives, both American and†¦show more content†¦Despite their determination, however, the Japanese could not hold back the American war machine, despite inflicting more than 75,000 more casualties upon the assaulting American servicemen before the dropping of the atomic bomb. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As MacArthur’s island campaign was starting, American strategists were already planning for the eventual invasion of the Japanese home-islands. Early in 1943 it was slated that the assault would begin on November 1st, 1945. The initial invasion force would consist of 250,000 troops that would then be backed up by an additional 550,000 soldiers upon establishing a foothold in Japan. Japan’s plans to counter the American invasion included 2.5 million combat troops supplemented by a militia that consisted of nearly a quarter of Japan’s population, including women. Just as the soldiers in the central Pacific had done, most of these people could be expected to fight to the death, with an expected outcome of more than one and a half million Japanese deaths. American soldiers who would be charged with occupying the island could expect only hatred from civilians and many would be killed even in conquered areas. All in all, more than 370,000 Ameri cans would be likely casualties in the invasion of Japan. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;On August 6th, 1945, the B-29 bomber Enola Gay dropped the first atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima, inflicting 70,000 casualties upon the Japanese and destroying more than sixty percentShow MoreRelatedThe Lesser of Two Evils1509 Words   |  6 PagesLesser of Two Evils When I was a child my mother would always tell me do not tell a lie or else I would get in trouble. Of course, I acted like I was listening but I really was not. So, one day I really wanted to go to a party so I asked my mother if I could go. Of course her answer was â€Å"no, you cannot go because you are entirely too young and it is not safe.† Though she said no, I was not just going to accept that final answer so I devised a plan. I asked my mother if I could sleep over my friendsRead MoreThe Lesser Of Two Evils1375 Words   |  6 PagesThe Lesser of Two Evils While America is the land of opportunity, for the past few years the opportunities have been limited. A major decision that Americans are facing currently is who should be president. Before our first black president can leave his 8 year long reign, we must first elect our next head of state. Our two most endorsed candidates have extremely conflicting stances and back grounds. While some people might think that Donald Trump is the better candidate because of his successfulRead MoreElectronic Cigarettes : Lesser Of Two Evils?3671 Words   |  15 PagesElectronic Cigarettes: the Lesser of Two Evils? 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Thane Fort to the Thane Central Jail Free Essays

THANE FORT TO THE THANE CENTRAL JAIL: A TRANSITION AND PRESENT SITUATION – VAIBHAV D. ADHYARU K. V. We will write a custom essay sample on Thane Fort to the Thane Central Jail or any similar topic only for you Order Now PENDHARKAR COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE AND COMMERCE, DOMBIVLI, MAHARASHTRA, India. THANE FORT TO THE THANE CENTRAL JAIL: A TRANSITION AND PRESENT SITUATION The existence of Thane city appears in the  global history since the 9thcentury A. D. Thane city has a rich cultural heritage, mythological background, followed by a large number of events of historical importance, archeological collectives that have contributed to the enrichment of the history of Thane city. The city was then known as ‘Shreesthanak’. The Thane Central Jail, originally a historical fort was constructed by Portuguese in 1730 A. D. The prison, which was earlier a fort named Thane Killa, is associated with the Indian Freedom Struggle and is also one of the heritage structures of the city. The 279 year old monument was constructed by the Portuguese for the protection of Sashti Island on 13. 5 acres of land. The Portuguese ruled Thane for over 200 years, from 1530 to 1739 A. D. During this period Thane was known as ‘Kalabe De Tana†. In January 1737, Chimaji Appa, the Peshwa’s brother, took command of the Marathas troops and inspite of obstinate resistance, captured most of the northern forts, Katalvada, Dahanu, Kelve, Shirgaon and Tarapur, whose walls were scaled by the Marathas. On May 4th, the Portuguese hoisted the white flag and of their officers met Chimaji Appa for arranging terms of surrender. On 28th December, 1744 the British conquered Thane city and its fort. Marathas lost the Third Anglo-Maratha War in November 1817 between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India. The war left the company in control of most of India. British Victories were swift, resulting in the breakup of the Maratha Empire and the loss of Maratha independence. The Peshwa was defeated in the Battles of Khadki and Koregaon and he was forced to flee. It was converted into jail in 1816 by the British. When Britishers got controlled all over the entire India, they started to use the Thane fort as central jail so that they can arrest and jail the nearby freedom fighters, criminals for going against their system. Many well known freedom fighters were imprisoned in this jail during the time. On 19th April, 1910 noted freedom fighters like Veer Anant Laxman Kanhere, Gopal Krishnaji Karve and Vinayak Narayan Deshpande were hanged to death in the central jail for killing the then Nasik District Collector Jackson. Noted freedom fighter Veer Savarkar was also imprisoned in central jail but later he was shifted to Andaman Cellular Jail due to the security reasons. Other freedom fighters like Chaphekar Brother and Mahadev Ranade were hanged for killing W. C. Rand for his atrocities in Poona. Prominent freedom fighters like Vasudev Balwant Phadke, Senapati Bapat, Saneguruji were also lodged in this jail. Later Indian Government continued that fort to be used Thane Central Jail as a district jail to jail the criminals of Thane District. Thane Central Jail is a huge campus and having different departments for the upliftment of the criminals. Personalities like Harshad Mehta and Sanjay Dutt were also imprisoned at Thane Central Jail. Various departments have been working efficiently for the smooth functioning of the Jail:- The Superintendent, Thane District Prison, is vested with the executive management of the prison in all matters relating to internal discipline, economy, labour and punishment. The Superintendent is assisted by the executive, medical, ministerial and technical staff. CLASSIFICATION:- There is one district prison and eleven taluka sub-jails in Thane District. The prison at Thane has been classified as a district prison [Class I], This prison is only meant for the confinement of the under trial prisoners and prisoners sentenced upto 5 years. CLASSFICATION OF PRISONERS:- Prisoners are classified as class I or class II by the court after taking into consideration their status in society and also the nature of offence. They are further classified as casual, habitual, under-trial and security or detenue. There is no separate class of political prisoners but certain rules which do not allow the grant of facilities and privileges on the score of length of sentence are relaxed in their favour under the specific orders of government. On admission, a prisoner is examined by the medical officer and is classified as fit for light, medium and hard labour. Prisoners are employed in prison industries, prison farms and prison maintenance services. Vocational classes are also organized in the prison. EDUCATION:- Literacy classes are conducted for prisoners and necessary facilities are provided to prisoners at government cost. RECREATIONAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES:- Recreational programmes like physical training parades, documentary and full length films, folk dances, kalapathak and games are organized for the entertainment of prisoners generally in a month. Besides, newspapers are also supplied to the prisoners. Emphasis is always laid on the maintenance of good discipline in the prison. JAIL INDUSTRY:- The long term prisoners in Thane Central Prison are provided with creative work including handicrafts and industries. The chief of these industries include textile, carpentary and tailoring. Most of the products are supplied to various government departments. The tailoring unit in the jail supplies readymade garments to the post and telegraph department and to the police. COTTON CLOTH AND CARPETS:- Weaving is the chief industry in the jail. There are around 14 looms for manufacturing carpets, blankets etc. CARPET AND PUNJA CARPETS:- Carpets are woven on pit-looms and are called loom carpets. The workers or prisoners move on horizontally as the weaving process goes on, completing the carpet. It is in great demand both from government and in the public. CARPENTARY:- This section is worked on job basis. A group of two or three prisoners do the planning and assembling job. CONCLUSION:- In this way Thane Central Jail administers work of the inmates/prisoners, So that the prisoners develop their skills through the routine work. Historically important memo i. e. martyrs memorials are not open for the citizens. There memo may be the inspiration for the citizens so it may create awareness about the national movement. Hence, it is necessary to make them accessible for the citizens. The present day physical condition of the jail is not in proper condition, so it should be repaired properly as soon as possible to maintain the condition of the jail. However, today the fort is a very busy place on account of being a jail. How to cite Thane Fort to the Thane Central Jail, Papers

Thane Fort to the Thane Central Jail Free Essays

THANE FORT TO THE THANE CENTRAL JAIL: A TRANSITION AND PRESENT SITUATION – VAIBHAV D. ADHYARU K. V. We will write a custom essay sample on Thane Fort to the Thane Central Jail or any similar topic only for you Order Now PENDHARKAR COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE AND COMMERCE, DOMBIVLI, MAHARASHTRA, India. THANE FORT TO THE THANE CENTRAL JAIL: A TRANSITION AND PRESENT SITUATION The existence of Thane city appears in the  global history since the 9thcentury A. D. Thane city has a rich cultural heritage, mythological background, followed by a large number of events of historical importance, archeological collectives that have contributed to the enrichment of the history of Thane city. The city was then known as ‘Shreesthanak’. The Thane Central Jail, originally a historical fort was constructed by Portuguese in 1730 A. D. The prison, which was earlier a fort named Thane Killa, is associated with the Indian Freedom Struggle and is also one of the heritage structures of the city. The 279 year old monument was constructed by the Portuguese for the protection of Sashti Island on 13. 5 acres of land. The Portuguese ruled Thane for over 200 years, from 1530 to 1739 A. D. During this period Thane was known as ‘Kalabe De Tana†. In January 1737, Chimaji Appa, the Peshwa’s brother, took command of the Marathas troops and inspite of obstinate resistance, captured most of the northern forts, Katalvada, Dahanu, Kelve, Shirgaon and Tarapur, whose walls were scaled by the Marathas. On May 4th, the Portuguese hoisted the white flag and of their officers met Chimaji Appa for arranging terms of surrender. On 28th December, 1744 the British conquered Thane city and its fort. Marathas lost the Third Anglo-Maratha War in November 1817 between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India. The war left the company in control of most of India. British Victories were swift, resulting in the breakup of the Maratha Empire and the loss of Maratha independence. The Peshwa was defeated in the Battles of Khadki and Koregaon and he was forced to flee. It was converted into jail in 1816 by the British. When Britishers got controlled all over the entire India, they started to use the Thane fort as central jail so that they can arrest and jail the nearby freedom fighters, criminals for going against their system. Many well known freedom fighters were imprisoned in this jail during the time. On 19th April, 1910 noted freedom fighters like Veer Anant Laxman Kanhere, Gopal Krishnaji Karve and Vinayak Narayan Deshpande were hanged to death in the central jail for killing the then Nasik District Collector Jackson. Noted freedom fighter Veer Savarkar was also imprisoned in central jail but later he was shifted to Andaman Cellular Jail due to the security reasons. Other freedom fighters like Chaphekar Brother and Mahadev Ranade were hanged for killing W. C. Rand for his atrocities in Poona. Prominent freedom fighters like Vasudev Balwant Phadke, Senapati Bapat, Saneguruji were also lodged in this jail. Later Indian Government continued that fort to be used Thane Central Jail as a district jail to jail the criminals of Thane District. Thane Central Jail is a huge campus and having different departments for the upliftment of the criminals. Personalities like Harshad Mehta and Sanjay Dutt were also imprisoned at Thane Central Jail. Various departments have been working efficiently for the smooth functioning of the Jail:- The Superintendent, Thane District Prison, is vested with the executive management of the prison in all matters relating to internal discipline, economy, labour and punishment. The Superintendent is assisted by the executive, medical, ministerial and technical staff. CLASSIFICATION:- There is one district prison and eleven taluka sub-jails in Thane District. The prison at Thane has been classified as a district prison [Class I], This prison is only meant for the confinement of the under trial prisoners and prisoners sentenced upto 5 years. CLASSFICATION OF PRISONERS:- Prisoners are classified as class I or class II by the court after taking into consideration their status in society and also the nature of offence. They are further classified as casual, habitual, under-trial and security or detenue. There is no separate class of political prisoners but certain rules which do not allow the grant of facilities and privileges on the score of length of sentence are relaxed in their favour under the specific orders of government. On admission, a prisoner is examined by the medical officer and is classified as fit for light, medium and hard labour. Prisoners are employed in prison industries, prison farms and prison maintenance services. Vocational classes are also organized in the prison. EDUCATION:- Literacy classes are conducted for prisoners and necessary facilities are provided to prisoners at government cost. RECREATIONAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES:- Recreational programmes like physical training parades, documentary and full length films, folk dances, kalapathak and games are organized for the entertainment of prisoners generally in a month. Besides, newspapers are also supplied to the prisoners. Emphasis is always laid on the maintenance of good discipline in the prison. JAIL INDUSTRY:- The long term prisoners in Thane Central Prison are provided with creative work including handicrafts and industries. The chief of these industries include textile, carpentary and tailoring. Most of the products are supplied to various government departments. The tailoring unit in the jail supplies readymade garments to the post and telegraph department and to the police. COTTON CLOTH AND CARPETS:- Weaving is the chief industry in the jail. There are around 14 looms for manufacturing carpets, blankets etc. CARPET AND PUNJA CARPETS:- Carpets are woven on pit-looms and are called loom carpets. The workers or prisoners move on horizontally as the weaving process goes on, completing the carpet. It is in great demand both from government and in the public. CARPENTARY:- This section is worked on job basis. A group of two or three prisoners do the planning and assembling job. CONCLUSION:- In this way Thane Central Jail administers work of the inmates/prisoners, So that the prisoners develop their skills through the routine work. Historically important memo i. e. martyrs memorials are not open for the citizens. There memo may be the inspiration for the citizens so it may create awareness about the national movement. Hence, it is necessary to make them accessible for the citizens. The present day physical condition of the jail is not in proper condition, so it should be repaired properly as soon as possible to maintain the condition of the jail. However, today the fort is a very busy place on account of being a jail. How to cite Thane Fort to the Thane Central Jail, Papers

Social Media Narrative Essay Essay Example

Social Media Narrative Essay Essay These are not simply cellular telephones, the open medium through SMS, ms or sound/feature calls and visits, that have gotten to be perpetual yet stylish hand-adornment; actually, messages and interpersonal organizations, the most regularly and too much utilized online medium of resplendence, have been profoundly established in our lives nowadays. The majority of the analysts inferred that: pretty much 60% of all web clients additionally impart through informal communities and more than 85 % of all youngsters have accounts on interpersonal organizations. The vast majority of the specialists have announced online networking as a habit. Various specialists have obviously observed that the impact of social networking destinations can be addictive to the point that our young era just wants to invest a large portion of their time in visiting, offering their premiums and overhauling their late happenings. To put it plainly, as indicated by this group of specialists, social networking systems administration makes individuals live their connections essentially as opposed to really. Yes, online networking has some exceptionally evident negative effects, however it is additionally obvious that it is social networking stage that has compressed all correspondence hindrances by all methods. Yes, social networking has damaged the traditions of social cooperation where feelings, consideration and sentiments were path more than emoticons, loving or emulating patterns and announcement; forever it has opened up better approaches for promoting and commercial that has brought about enormous financial support everywhere throughout the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Media Narrative Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social Media Narrative Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social Media Narrative Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Regardless of the way that social networking has some negative perspectives, its sure sides are so gainful, from business and monetary perspective, that the negative ones can be ignored. Social networking is presently being considered as the best marking apparatus for upgrading brand mindfulness inside target markets. Insights demonstrate a fast development of Internet clients everywhere throughout the world. More linens invest time on the Internet and in the most recent ten years, 2000-2010, the world has seen a development of up to 450 percent in Internet clients. Backbone has now more than 500 million dynamic clients over the world. Twitter has more than 200 million enrolled clients and Youth has 18 million one of a kind guests consistently and 2 billion feature cuts are seen consistently. Annotated Bibliography Baker, J. (2012). How Students Benefit From using Social Media. Retrieved April 12, 201 3, from http://demonic. Com/201 3/02/how-students-benefit-from-SSI nag- social-media/ This article tosses the light on the significance of social networking or informal communication with the profits to understudy perspective. As per author, understudies win numerous profits from the utilization of online networking as they pick up learning; associate with their companions, offering of their individual pictures and features et cetera. However as per author, the best advantage of online networking for understudies is that picking up of information and offering of scholarly data which are advantageous for them in setting up their assignments. By utilizing the social networking they add to their capacity of evaluating, breaking down, holding and imparting of data which Was not however much as could reasonably be expected without utilization of online networking in their lives. Further they take in the craft of correspondence through social networking. Burg, N. (2013). The Benefits Of Social Media Beyond Marketing. Retrieved April 12, 2013, from http:// www. Forbes. Com/sites/capitulations ark/2013/04/01 lath e-benefits-of-social- media-beyond-marketing/ This article talks about the profits of social networking which are not unstrained to marketing as it has numerous different profits for the business or business groups for instance it is extremely strong for the human assets division of the association as the profile of competitors are the best resume at the time of enlistment for new representatives. It is extremely helping for businesspeople in boosting their business volumes as through the utilization of online networking the business power can see the pattern of individuals in the business so they will have the capacity to expand their business exercises in a specific district region or nation. The other and most essential for the associations other than simply advertising as indicated by author it is useful in inner correspondence as there is no requirement for the association to make a different interior correspondence framework in the association or among the diverse bureau of the association. Keywords: Social Media Benefits, Impacts of social media, social media influences marketing techniques Chandler, S. (2013). The Hidden Benefits of Social Media Marketing: Why Your Strategy May Be Working Better Than You Think. Retrieved April 12, 2013, from http://vow. Robes. Com/sites/work-in- progress/2013/03/12/the e-hidden-benefits-of-social-media-marketing-why- your-strategy-may-be-working-better-than-you-think/ This article is about the profits of social networking for the associations which disregarded or still covered up for a few organizations and as indicated by writer these profits can be benefited by the organizations in the event that they receive viable promoting techniques. The concealed profits of marketing in social average are brand distinguished, developing a group for the organization, rehash reservation of the items before targets gatherings of people, change of shopper consideration to the results of the organization by impacting the customer conduct, taking of game changer over contenders and it is a shabby medium for promoting and advertising of items to an extensive variety of clients. As indicated by author social networking is giving the most astounding degree of profitability to the organizations due to its shrouded profits for the organizations. Keywords: benefits of social media for organizations, social media in marketing, social media marketing techniques Jan. Is, T. (2012). Social Not-working: The Perils of Too Much Communication. Retrieved April 12, 201 3, from http://win. Opera. Com/relationships/Negative-Impact-of- Social-Networking-Websites-at-Work This article is about the negative effect of online networking in our lives. As per author, we have numerous companions on social networking sites yet all these are futile and less imperative for us as they couldnt care less about us when we are in inconveniences. So it can be said that we have numerous companions on these sites however surely we have no companions in necessities. Also further the author contends that as we dont have extra time for our companion and long range interpersonal communication encompassing us so we are losing our genuine companions in light of the fact that extreme utilization of social networking destinations. Toward the end the author proposes that we must focus on our genuine companions with whom we can impart our issues and discover arrangements from their recommendations on some tea or espresso. Keywords: social media communication hazards, social media as communication channel, social media usage at workplace Nelson, C. 2013). Negative effects Of social networking. Retrieved April 12, 2013, from HTTPS://research. Yoga. Co. UK/news/201 3/01 /04/negatives;social- networking-young-bruits/ The article composed by Nelson concentrates on the antagonistic effect of online nonworking sites on youthful and high school individuals who are casualty of utilizing these sites all the time. The author clarifies the actualities of negative effect of informal communication by depicting the raw numbers of an overview which was led in the United Kingdom. Author says that 34% of youngsters maturing from 15-25 are leaning wretchedness by survey something on an informal communication site. Further the author clarifies that 39% of young ladies maturing from 16-25 are feeling hopeless which is a direct consequence of review posts on social sites. The author additionally portrays the aftereffect of overview which was directed on the topic Of internet tormenting and through social sites and web buddies. Keywords: social media disadvantages, negative impacts of social media, communication problems in social media Managed, G. W. , Faults D. J. (2009). Social Media: The new hybrid element of the promotion ix. Business Horizons 52: 357-365. The author portrays how social networking can be an approach to accumulate data about the clients. Advanced dialogs have the profit of being smart as in they can record the clients conduct on a particular site by utilizing web systematic devices. By recording and dissecting web examination over the clients Internet conduct on the online networking weapon, it is conceivable to make a guide of the clients inclination. Abridging different experimental studies, the author suggested that social networking offers a suture of ease and free specialized arrangements.

Photography Art in 20th Century

Photography Art in 20th Century When it comes to discussing the discursive significance of photography, it is important to understand that, as a representational art-medium, it emerged because of the pace of a technological progress having assumed clearly defined exponential subtleties. In its turn, this presupposes that the art of photography is not only being technologically intense, but that this art’s conceptual legitimacy reflects the perceptual/cognitive sophistication of those who are expected to appreciate it.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Photography Art in 20th Century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This, of course, challenges the conventional paradigm of art, as a ‘thing in itself’. Apparently, the rise of photography implies that the very notion of aesthetics cannot be thought of outside of what appears to be the discursively predetermined manner, in which intellectually advanced individuals tend to perceive the surrounding socio-cultural reality. The validity of this suggestion can be illustrated in regards to a number of photos, which now enjoy a certain ‘cult’ status. For example, even though that the 1930 photograph Pepper by Edward Weston depicts a rather commonplace vegetable, which people get to consume regularly, the photo’s object can be described as anything but ordinarily looking. One of the reasons for this is that there is a strong sexual appeal to it. Nevertheless, in order for just about anyone to confirm the validity of this suggestion, and consequently to be able to appreciate the artwork in question, he or she needs to be cognitively attuned with what happened to be the 20th century’s probably most important discourse – the discourse of sexuality. Alexander Rodchenko’s 1925 photograph Man on the Ladder, can also be referred to, as such confirm the legitimacy of the idea that every historical era defines the measure of the affiliated artwork’s aesthetic appeal. As it can be well seen in this photo, the author used a rather unusual viewpoint, while taking it. In its turn, this reflected the fact that during the course of the 20th century’s initial phase, the classical conventions of physics have been thoroughly revised, due to the emergence of the Theory of Relativity. This, of course, created objective preconditions for photographers to consider it fully appropriate to strive to exploit people’s anxieties, in regards this theory’s discursive implications. The invention of digital photography provided photographers with a yet additional instrument of ensuring that potential spectators would be intrigued, while exposed to the digitally mastered photographic artworks, such as combining a few different images into a single one, in order to emphasize the sheer intensity of the action depicted.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your f irst paper with 15% OFF Learn More The 1995 photographic collage Self-Destruction by Chen Chieh-Jen exemplifies this statement perfectly well. Apparently, while creating the earlier mentioned collage, Chieh-Jen was perfectly aware of what accounts for the essence of contemporary people’s aesthetic longings – such as their taste for savoring the graphic details of death. Essentially the same can be said about what accounts for the discursively defined aesthetic appeal of the photographic images of those people who jumped out of the Twin Towers (due to intense heat), in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks (Carolee Schneemann, Terminal Velocity, 2001). It is now being commonly suggested that the popularity of these images signifies ‘the loss of innocence’, on the part of America (Fitzpatrick 86). Nevertheless, this ‘loss’ is best discussed, as such that does not simply reflect recent geopolitical developments in the world, but rathe r as such that is being concerned with the process of Americans becoming intellectually/aesthetically marginalized – hence, their attraction to the emotionally disturbing photographic images. This confirms the soundness of the initially proposed idea that the emergence of photography once again proved the non-existence of art, as a purely metaphysical construct. One of the 20th century’s major discursive developments is the fact that people attained a rather multi-dimensional understanding, as to what accounts for their individuality. In its turn, this can be explained by the rise of psychology, as a science that implies that there is no ‘wholesomeness’ the sense of one’s self-identity. Therefore, it is fully explainable why, during the course of this century, the medium of photography has been extensively used, as the mean of gaining an in-depth insight into the quintessence of people’s existential modes. Apparently, the photography’s very paradigmatic technicalities make it possible (Sherman 926). In this respect, the photograph from Sherry Levine’s 1979 Presidential Series (featuring the image of a classy looking young woman inside of some man’s transparent silhouette), comes in rather exemplary.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Photography Art in 20th Century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because the earlier mentioned photographic artwork implies that the depicted lady’s ‘classiness’ can be well regarded, as such that reflects her endowment with essentially masculine (hard) psychological qualities – hence, the ice-coldness of her blue eyes. It is needless to be mentioned, of course, that this in turn prompts observers to consider the possibility that one’s sense of identity only formally relates to what happened to be the concerned individual’s gender. Another interesting photog raph, which can be referred to, as such that confirms the initial thesis’s validity, is Barbara Kruger’s 1981 Untitled poster. As it can be well seen on it, the author made a deliberate point in representing the half of the depicted woman’s face in negative. The motivation, behind Kruger’s decision, in this respect, is quite clear she wanted to emphasize the fact that there are mutually contradictory desires inside of one’s mind, which is why there can indeed be very little rationale in assuming that the ways of a particular person’s character could be well anticipated. The clearly post-modernist essence of this subtly conveyed message is quite obvious. It also represents a common practice, among today’s photographers, to explore the motifs of classical (specifically romanticist) paintings within the contemporary settings. In this respect, Gregory Crewdson’s 2001 digital print Untitled (Ophelia) comes in particularly illustrat ive. By having created it, the author was able to promote the idea that people’s sense of existential idealism is a discursive category – due to the realities of a post-industrial living, one’s mental clinging to the noumenons of the past can hardly be justified. This, of course, advances the idea that it is specifically external circumstances which construct people’s sense of identity and not vice versa. Finally, we can make mentioning of Andreas Gursky’s 1993 color print Paris, Montparnasse, as such implies that the integrity of people’s sense of self-identity is becoming increasingly weakened, due to the fact that in today’s world, it is specifically one’s willingness to be ‘just like others’, which reflects his or her chances of securing its place under the sun. It is understood, of course, that by adapting uniformity, as the integral part of their individuality, people grow ever more ‘faceless’ â €“ just like the apartment-cubicles, in which they reside. I believe that the earlier deployed line of argumentation is fully consistent with this paper’s initial thesis.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fitzpatrick, Andrea. â€Å"The Movement of Vulnerability: Images of Falling and September 11.† Art Journal 66.4 (2007): 84-102. Print. Sherman, Cindy. â€Å"Statement, 1982.† Theories and Documents of Contemporary Art: A Sourcebook of Artists Writings. Ed. Kristine Stiles and Peter Howard Selz. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2006. 926-928. Print.

Sample Grad School Recommendation Letter by a Professor

Sample Grad School Recommendation Letter by a Professor Successful graduate school applications are accompanied by several, usually three, recommendation letters. Most of your graduate admissions letters will be written by your professors. The best letters are written by professors who know you well and can relay your strengths and promise for graduate study. Below is an example of a helpful recommendation letter for admission to graduate school. What Effective Recommendation Letters Should Include An explanation of the context in which the student is known (classroom, advisee, research, etc.)The evaluationData to support the evaluation. Why is the student a good bet? What indicates that he or she will be a competent graduate student and, eventually, professional? A letter that does not provide details to support statements about the candidate is not helpful. What to Write Below is a template to help you organize your ideas as you compose a students letter of recommendation. Section headers/explanations are in bold (dont include these in your letter). Attention: Admissions Committee [if a specific contact is provided, address as indicated] Introduction: I am writing to you in support of [Student Full Name] and [his/her] desire to attend [University Name] for the [Program Title] program. Though many students ask me to make this request on their behalf, I only recommend students whom I feel are well-suited for the program of their choice. [Student Full Name] is one of those students. I highly [recommend, recommend without hesitation; as appropriate]  [he/she] be given the opportunity to attend your university. The Context in Which You Know the Student: As Professor of Biology at University Name, for X years,  I have encountered many students in my classroom and lab [edit as appropriate]. Only a small handful of outstanding students offer a unique perspective and really embrace their learning of the subject matter. [Student Name] has consistently shown promise and commitment, as indicated below. I first met StudentName in my [Course Title] course during the [Season and Year] semester. Compared to the class average of [Class Average], [Mr./Ms. Last Name] earned a [Grade] in the class. [Mr./Ms. Last Name] was evaluated on [explain basis for grades, e.g., exams, papers, etc.], in which [he/she] performed exceptionally well. Illustrate the Students Competencies: Though StudentName has consistently exceeded in all areas of [his/her] coursework, the best example of [his/her] promise is indicated in a [paper/presentation/project/etc.] on [works title]. The work clearly showed [his/her] ability to deliver a clear, concise and well-thought presentation with a new perspective by demonstrating.... [embellish here]. [Provide additional examples, as appropriate. Examples that illustrate research skills and ​interests, as well as ways in which you have worked closely with the student are particularly useful. This section is the most important part of your letter. What can your student contribute to the graduate program and professors with whom she may work? Why is she exceptional - with support?] Closing: StudentName continues to impress me with [his/her] knowledge, skill and dedication to [his/her] work. I’m sure you will find [him/her] to be a highly motivated, competent, and committed student who will grow into a successful professional [edit as appropriate- indicate why]. In closing, I highly recommend [recommend without reservation; highest recommendation; add as appropriate] Student Full Name for admission to the [Graduate Program] at [University]. Please feel free to contact me if you require further information. Sincerely, [Professors Name][Professors Title][University][Contact information] Recommendation letters are written with a specific student in mind. There is no generic grad school recommendation letter. Consider the above as a guide as to the sort of information to include as you write recommendation letters but tailor the content, organization, and tone for the particular student at hand.

Corporate governance Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Corporate governance - Coursework Example It is consisted of rules, which govern the relationships between stakeholders, shareholders and management (Ching et al, 2006). In the 1980s and early 1990s, some huge corporate scandals shocked the entire commercial world. Majority of the investors had lost their confidence over management of their investments; the entire commercial world was filled with distrust. To control this damage, different approaches are used such as corporate governance. In UK, Combined Codes consisting of various reports has been developed-Cadbury, Higgs, Smith, Greenbury. These reports discuss how a Board of Directors should operate; what role non-executive directors can play; how the external auditor should be strengthened and so on. Stakeholder approach and corporate governance Stakeholder theory is defined as any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the organization’s objectives (Abdullah and valentine, 2009).Stakeholder approach defines an organisation being a member and citizen of society, enjoys a protection, benefits and so on. On the basis of this concept, organisations being a member of the society are remain accountable to all the stakeholders such as environmental groups, customers, governments, regulatory authorities, indigenous population and so on. Additionally, Wheeler et al (2002) contend that the stakeholder theory is derived from a collection of the organisational and sociological disciplines; where all groups participate to obtain benefits in a business (Donaldson & Preston, 1995). The supporters of stakeholder theory strongly believe on the concept and application of corporate governance; they require organisations are needed to be accountable for their all commercial activities to the stakeholders. Since the supporters of stakeholder theory strongly believe on corporate governance, a CEO chairing a board, may be working at the cost of other stakeholders. Advantages: stakeholders approach and corporate governance Transpar ency and accountability benefit both stakeholders and organisations. Stakeholders receiving information that an organisation is clearly publishing all its commercial activities and informing to all stakeholders, would be in a position to critically monitor the activities of the organisation. They can easily highlight detrimental impacts and can warn the organisation about its consequences. The organisation would also enjoy the trust of all stakeholders. This may increase its sales volume. Disadvantages: stakeholders approach and corporate governance Additional cost may be borne by an organisation. Since collecting data of sustainability reporting and other non commercial information do not come without cost, the organisation may be required to pay some additional cost. Additionally, for the organisation to satisfy every stakeholder may not be possible, this might result in additional loss of time as well. Agency approach and corporate governance Agency theory was exposited by Alchia n and Demsetz (1972) and was further developed its economic roots by Jensen and Meckling (1976).Agency is a relationship between a principal (a Shareholder) and an agent (a Director) (Siegel, 2000). Principals delegate their business running to the directors, who are the shareholder’s agents (Clarke, 2004). Also, this theory is conceptually simple and it suggests that managers in organisations can be self- interested (Daily et al, 2003).Under this

Write a paper on ONE of the following topics Essay

Write a paper on ONE of the following topics - Essay Example They even viewed the body as a prison house of the entity which they called the soul. During the Middle Ages, however, such thinking was challenged and was slowly replaced by the belief on psychosomatic unity. Following St. Thomas Aquinas’ metaphysics, man is a unified composite substance of two essential principles: form and matter. His teaching introduced concept of the unity of human nature as constituted by form and matter—soul and body. In this regard, the mind and body problem pertains to the nature of the dynamics between the two substances. Can a non-material substance truly affect a material substance, if so, in what manner and up to what extent? With this, it is my task to present how four philosophers have attempted to provide answers to this boggling question. In this regard, I will critically examine Descarte’s Interactionism, Malebranche’s Occasionalism, Spinoza’s Double Aspect Theory, and Leibniz’ Pre-Established Harmony. Having done so, I will then dedicate my discussion on evaluating the logical soundness of each viewpoint on the mind-and-body problem in order to arrive at a conclusion on which philosopher presented the strongest arguments. Interactionism begins with the basic assumption that the non-material substance of man (soul) can interact with the material substance (body). As Descartes further explained, although the sense perceptions and the physical passions of humans are dependent on the body, the awareness and understanding of them lies on the mind. Thus, there is indeed an interaction between the mind and the body, and the point of interaction happens in the pineal gland. Because the body is an extended matter and the mind is an un-extended spirit, there ought to be a physical venue to allow for their interaction. But as Descartes claimed, the soul is united to all parts of the body conjointly. Thus, the body provides proper housing to the soul. When a member of

Difference And Diversity In Early Years Settings

Difference And Diversity In Early Years Settings We are all different sizes, come from different backgrounds, have different religions or none at all are different ages and come from different ethnic groups and different classes. (London: Pre-school Learning Alliance 1999 p.1.) This essay will reflect the wide diversity of children, parents and families encountered in early year settings, using popular theories as well personal experience. Exploring the ethical issues related to difference in relation to personal beliefs and values. It will also evaluate government legislation and initiatives that impact upon diversity issues, identify sources of support, information and resources for managing diversity in early years settings and considering how they can be used. Difference is a word that arguably some early year professionals and people fear and hope that they will never have to deal with the issues it raises and wider implications associated. The above quote succinctly sums up what the nature of the world is full of and what children see, hear every day. Why are we sheltering ourselves from difference instead of embracing it? Diversity is defined as a quality of being different or varied, a range of difference. (Makins 1996 p.157). Professionals should be conscious of all the different types of diversity that they may into contact with in working in early years. Colour, religion and culture, gender, disability, learning styles, personality and socioeconomic. A visible physical diversity doesnt mean that they are not different, every child is different, and should receive different level of treatment to meet there individual needs. Children and their families have to encounter diversity throughout their lives together, it is the job of the practitioner to help ease the approach of diversity and try to guide them as professionally as possible. Problems could occur if a certain issue is something that is difficult or against the childs and parents or carers belief system. Where do we draw the line of what is right and what is wrong, what we should say and what we shouldnt? The theory, The Psychodynamic Approach Sigmund Freud described it as the talking cure, (Pound, 2005), this can be defined as a way of helping people handle emotional problems or disorders by digging into their unconscious though. Freud (1905) strongly emphasised the importance of early experience and drew attention to the unconscious in relation to the development of personality in young people. (Pound, 2005). Our behaviour and feelings as adults are largely rooted in our early childhood experiences. Relationships are of great importance in determining how we feel and behave. Our behaviour and feelings are strongly affected by our unconscious mind, i.e. mental processes of which we are not consciously aware. These unconscious influences come both from past experiences and also from instincts, with which we are born. (Jarvis 2001). Freuds theory argues, that the morals that stem from our parents will be past down generations not because it is what they concluded but because it is our genetic makeup to believe what our parents believe. Freuds peer, Jean Piaget, also recognized unconscious development. While Freud was interested in emotional and sexual development, Piaget focused on intellectual development that children can only process new concepts at a particular stage in their development (Linda Pound 2005). One of Piaget theories was the theory of Moral Development in which he explains that there are two different lanes in which a childs moral reasoning sometimes develops, the Heteronomous phase and the Autonomous phase. The Heteronomous phase is when children understand that there is only one way of seeing and doing things. The Autonomous phase is when children understand that people have different views and values on circumstances. (Walsh, 2008, online). Lev Vygotsky (1978) also believed that children are unconsciously influenced by what they absorb in their early years. His theory of Social and Cognitive Development was that children mimic the adults that surround them, he emphasises that childrens language was social in origin because it arose in interaction between child and others. (Linda Pound 2005). This means that childrens language is the product from and is an element of social interaction. Vygotsky emphasised the significant importance of families, communities and the involvement with other children. Piaget and Freud believed that knowledge and understanding came from personal experiences, (Linda Pound 2005). Therefore it is essential that educational practitioners are encouraging children to look at difference and diversity through other individuals eyes as the children may not have the same encouragement at home. According to Freuds theory influences are unconsciously developed at a young age so it would be advantageous to practitioners to promote positive thinking and attitudes towards topics that are uncomfortable to discuss such as disability, race, gender and social background at an early stage. Children will develop a better understanding if these topics are discussed openly and sensibly and honestly rather than keeping them taboo. As practitioners we should support children, parents and families as they encounter and deal with diversity with encouragement and guidance. Hopefully the parent will continue the education in the home setting which is why they to need to be informed. A part of the EYFS (Early Years Foundation Stage) in the Personal, Social and Emotional development area of learning, to help children develop an awareness of difference in their peers it is encouraged that children establish constructive relationships, develop self esteem in a safe environment and experience a sense of the community. Children need adults to set a good example and to give them opportunities for interaction with others so that they can develop positive ideas about themselves and others. (EYFS 2007 p.22). It is argued that in order for children to understand that people with disabilities or individuals from ethnic backgrounds are different but they shouldnt be treated differently, children should be able to see and explore these differences by meeting people who are disabled or who come from different backgrounds. It is important that our schools include children from these categories in their classes and that they dont tiptoe about the subject. Every school will have an Inclusion and Disability policy which refers to the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (DDA) and the DDA 1995 Part 4 (as amended by the Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001) (SENDA) and takes full notice of the Code of Practice for Schools published by the Disability Rights Commission (2002). Perception of anti-discriminatory practice is to accept that it is not just for minority parties but truthfully for all children and adults within a setting. As morality is fundamentally concerned with an obligation to others, children must learn to be attuned not only to their own emotional reactions, but also to those of others. (Damon 1988, p14) Every pupil should be able to fully access all areas of the curriculum. The introduction if the Every Child Matters Framework (2004) has allowed for individual learning in all areas of education, some have been positioned higher on the educational programme. This is because of Human Rights, all children have the right to learn and play together, children should not be discriminated against for any reason. (Article 23 and 31 United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children (UNCRC) 1989). The Human Rights Act, (1998) ensures that everyone is treated equal. The TDA (Training and Development Agency for Schools) website states that Education authorities, governing bodies and teachers are bound by many of the provisions of human rights legislation. (TDA 2010, online). It also comments that every school should have an Equal Opportunities Act that the school will have published, allows children to fare better in inclusive settings, both academically and socially. The policy also states that children should not need to be separated to achieve adequate educational provision, and that inclusive education is a more efficient use of educational resources. Children also have the right to Social Opportunities which inclusion in education is the characteristic of inclusion in society, children need to be involved with their peers around them. Inclusion means enabling all students to participate fully in the life and work mainstream settings, whatever their needs.Inclusion may also be seen as a continuing process of breaking down barriers to learning and participation for all children and young people. Segregation, on the other hand; is a recurring tendency to exclude difference.(CSIE 2002 b; p.1) Inclusion in mainstream schools is a great idea as it gives children the chance to see and speak to other children who come from different backgrounds or have different beliefs or who are disabled, it also helps those children to enjoy a normal life without feeling segregated for being different. But are our schools actually doing this, letting those children take part in all activities? Watching the DVD series Get Physical with Kelly Holmes, (ONeil and Lent, 2005) it is easy to see a result. The DVD available on Teachers TV online shows what Kings Avenue Primary School in Clapham, south London did to improve inclusion within their school. The school has a diverse intake of pupils with widely differing requirements. Implementations have been made by the school for its pupils to abide to the inclusion ethos. At Kings Avenue one of the success stories is the Russian Workout dance class, a trained Russian dance tutor comes to the school to teach dance classes. The aim of the scheme is so all children are able to take part in sport whatever their condition and it works. For 25 years, barriers of learning have been attempted to be removed by education policies for children with special needs so that they are included in mainstream schools. There are some people who are unhappy with how the government are trying to achieve it. Classroom disruption are feared by teachers. Academic standards declining are feared by parents with non-disabled children. The most common comment in this debate is to continue sending children that are most severely disabled to special schools. Allot of people believe this is segregation. While others believe it is universal logic. Baroness Mary Warnock spoke on The Big Debate on Teacher TV about the subject. The way were teaching disabled children, she claims, will leave a disastrous legacy. (Lent, 2005). In the 1978 Warnock report, it condemned segregation, created the term SEN (Special Educational Needs) and established the Statement of Need, which expanded the range, already there are lots of children within mainstream schools with special needs that were being treated differently. (Warnock, 1978 p.47-49, paragraph 3.42-45). Mary Warnock (2005) the original architect of the Inclusion Policy, states in her interview on The Big Debate with Jonathan Dimbleby, that Inclusion is actually becoming Integration. (Lent 2005). She also mentions, That the people, who are being segregated as Different, are being brought into mainstream schools but arent participating in every activity in class or the system isnt providing a suitable alterative to the activity that everyone can take part in. Inclusion is what should be happening, but what is happening at present is Integration. (Lent 2005). For example, a child in a wheel chair cannot take part in a physical education lessons because of their disability coupled with the fact the school does not have the correct facilities. What should be done? If the child is to have the same education as all the other children in his/her class shouldnt he/she be allowed to take part? The Inclusion charter (CSIE, 1989) states, We fully support an end to all segregated education on the grounds of disability or learning difficulty, as a policy commitment and goal for this country. So therefore it is the governments duty to provide that school with the essential facilities for that child to feel the same as everyone else. Sometimes it is those individuals with special needs which are not included by way of the terminology of their name, it could be stated that all individuals have special needs, which pertain solely to them, whereas some need extra support to achieve or become included in the curriculum. All schools have legal duties not to discriminate against disabled people, Education and the Disability Discrimination Act (1995) as amended by the Special Educational Needs and Disability Act (2001). The law is explained through a code of practice which the Disability Rights Commission has produced. Although it will not stand in a tribunal as law, they will have to take into consideration where it is significant. A person who has a physical or mental impairment which has a considerable and enduring difficult effect by their ability to have a normal life will be covered by this act. All children and adults have the right to evolve and to develop in a context where there is equity and respect for diversity. Children, parents and educators have the right to good quality in early childhood education services, free from any form of overt and covert, individual and structural discrimination due to their race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status (in reference to Article 2, UN-Convention on the Rights of the Child, DECET Mission Statement 2005). Inclusive practice is not only for children with disabilities, it covers all types of diversity such as gender issues. The key to understanding research about both genders is the nature/nurture debate. Numerous psychologists argue that gender is the product of environmental influences, the way we are brought up by our parents, guardians, friends and relatives. As believed by Dr John Money (1972), we are psychosexually neutral at birth, and our gender is a consequence of the nurture we receive as children. A less popular view is that gender is the result of nature, particularly the effects of hormones on the developing brain. (Kenyon, 2006, online) Social constructivist Barbara Rogoff, suggests that the culture in which children grow up (or in other words how they are nurtured) accounts for gender differences, Rogoff argues that girls are given more guidance in proper social behaviour than boys and that different tasks are usually assigned to children depending on whether they are boys or girls. (Rogoff 2003 cited in Pound, 2009, p.72). Inclusive practice would include the gender issue and practitioners should allow all children to play with all types of toys and activities, not to make comments like only girls play with dolls or can I have a strong boy to help me carry this box. If a boy wants to put on a dress in the dressing up area or a girl wants to play with building tools, then let them, encourage positive images of men and women doing traditionally gender specific roles so that children will not get stereotypical ideas of what men and women should do. (Holland, 2003, cited in Pound, 2009). Penny Holland (2003), an academic leader for Early Childhood Studies, reminds us that young children are struggling to make sense of what it means to be a boy or girl. They are in the progress of formatting gender identity, trying to find, rules that will make them feel that they belong in the gendered world that surrounds them, (Holland, 2003, cited in Pound, 2009, p.73) Practitioners are also having a difficult deal with how to support the gender issue. Parents opinions may differ radically because of their own upbringing and beliefs from those held by teacher and practitioners themselves may find it difficult to settle their own personal beliefs about gender with their colleagues. Still children are copying views that people are not even awake to that they are giving off, it is important not to limit childrens life chances by promoting stereotypical behaviour as there is a wide disparity between the views of parents and those of the practitioners who care for their children. It could be argued that getting a child a full and happy education could be considered every parents dream and sometimes it is a challenge to get there. Inclusive practise values all children and families. As concerned professionals, we should ask ourselves: Do all the families using an early years service or school feel equally welcome and able to access the provision with ease? A diverse range of requirements needs managing in order to obtain a healthy and fair balance between the needs of the individual and the needs of the group or class, it would be unfair and the opposite of inclusive practise if the children with the disabilities or who speak English as a second language starts to receive all the attention. Proponents of inclusive practise maintain that it has long-lasting effects, not just for the children, but also for society in general. It will help eliminate the negative effects of discrimination and allow children to reach their full potential. The public are becoming more aware of SEN (Special Educational Needs). The Every Child Matters framework maintains to emphasize success and gratification for all, together with pupils with SEN. Barriers in the classroom are being overcome with the help of teachers and teaching assistants, and several understand more about meeting individual needs. Parents that have any questions or need guidance and support with a child that has SEN are being made aware of the lots of different sources of support, information and resources about managing SEN at home. Every mainstream school in England will have SENCo or Special Needs Co-ordinator, on the staff. Outside of the school there are educational psychologists, they visit the school regularly to support pupils and the adults who work with SEN children. They visit to offer help and advice on a variety of special need problems. The professional are also involved with considering those pupils who may need a Statement of Special Educational Needs. (Burnham, 2007). Rearing children in all types of practices over time has been influenced by the beliefs of behaviour of children. Cultures and values of people have rooted beliefs but they modify with generation, periods of time and even within aspect culture. Child rearing has also been affected by the needs of life in a particular society, the skills and abilities valued in that society. We live in a multicultural society and must respect other peoples belief systems and values. Anti-discriminatory practise forms the basis of an environment in which there is no discrimination towards individuals on the basis of race, gender, culture or ethnicity. No adults or children should be victims of discrimination in schools and fair treatment should be given to all individuals. The term inclusion is often used when referring to children who have special educational needs, but it is also used in a wider sense to describe equal opportunities for all in the learning environment. It is through the development of trust and positive relationships that children and adults of all backgrounds learn to respect one another. (Burnham, 2007 p84).

How powerful is The Bell Jar as a feminist text?

The Bell Jar is an attempt by Sylvia Plath to write about growing up as a woman, in America during the forties and fifties. It was first published in January 1963, before the fights for equal rights were debated in the late sixties and seventies. This was one of only a few novels, at its time, in which the main character and narrator was a woman. The novel may also show Esther's search for her identity, she thinks she knows what she wants but she becomes more and more uncertain as the novel unfolds. The struggle for women in those days is something which would we could not possibly understand. A lady could not even get a loan from the bank without her husband or father co-signing it. Unmarried women were denied birth control, and girls should not attend college. If they did it was expected that they were looking for a husband. The other girls in Esther's dormitory in college told her she was wasting her â€Å"golden college years†. Throughout the book, there are many possible role models for Esther, not all of who have a positive influence on her. Jay Cee is an experienced, successful editor at the magazine where Esther has won an internship. Plath writes of Jay Cee as being somewhat masculine. This may have been because at the time only men were successful so she felt for a woman to be successful she had to be manly. However Esther starts to aim some of her anger towards Jay Cee – â€Å"Jay Cee wanted to teach me something, all the old ladies I ever know wanted to teach me something, but I suddenly didn't think they had anything to teach me. † Esther dreamt of becoming a poet, but even her mother did not believe in her ambition. Her mother felt the only way she would succeed was if she learnt shorthand, as the highest position she would ever get was to be a secretary. Mrs. Greenwood never listened to what Esther had to say nor did she respond to her in any meaningful way. Mrs Greenwood felt that she was the perfect mother and the only way to show that was by bringing up the perfect set of children. The children's role was to behave well to reflect their mother's goodness. So when Esther refused to have shock treatments, Mrs. Greenwood said, â€Å"I knew my baby wasn't like that, I knew you'd decide to be alright again. † A lot of Esther's anger is aimed towards her mother and may even be the root of her illness. Mrs. Greenwood is everything that Esther doesn't want to be, which is the reason she hates to conform. She feels that if she starts doing what â€Å"normal ladies† do she will end up like her mother. Esther even went as far as talking off her own mother's death. When they both slept in the same room, Esther says, † The piggish noise irritated me, and for a while it seemed to me that the only way to stop it would be to take the column of skin and sinew from which it rose and twist it to silence between my hands. † After writing the book, Sylvia Plath told her brother that she wanted the novel to be published under a pseudonym. In those days, or even today, death wishes were not exactly the things to satisfy parental dreams. Buddy Willard is first seen, in the text, as a typical American male. Mrs. Greenwood says of him â€Å"he's so athletic and so handsome and so intelligent†¦ kind of person a girl should stay clean for. † Before Esther gets to know him she thinks he's wonderful, but as they get better acquainted her attitude towards him changes. Buddy Willard is a prime example of a cocksure male. He thinks men rule the world while women should just do what they're told. This does not help Esther when she is trying to find her role within society to feel accepted. Buddy Willard is shallow and does absolutely nothing to make Esther feel good about herself. He's insensitive and clumsy in his dealings with Esther. He refers to her poetry as dust; thereby dismissing the one thing that she believes has great value, through arrogance. The motive for her hatred for all the men in the novel except for one may stem from the fact that Sylvia Plath's husband left her in 1962 and she wrote â€Å"The Bell Jar† a year after. However her poem â€Å"Daddy†, which she wrote in the very same year was a lot harsher towards her father and was more of a gut response. Another thing that deeply annoyed Esther was the double standard for men and women. If a man slept with a woman without loving her it was perfectly acceptable, yet if a woman slept with a man whom she didn't love then she could be labelled a whore. There are proper codes of behaviour, particularly sexual ones for women and Mrs. Greenwood makes sure Esther knows of those by sending her a pamphlet about these codes. However Buddy is not expected to adhere to the same set of rules, so when Esther finds out he slept with a waitress, she shouldn't be hurt because it didn't mean anything! It is one of Esther's desires to be sexually liberal, along with being a poet or a successful writer.

One Easy Trick for How to Make a Research Outline Explained

One Easy Trick for How to Make a Research Outline Explained The POW Method expands on the fundamental principles of how to write, adding in a number of the research for you, plus prompts and exercises that will help you gather information, and supplies you with a very simple outline that will help you actually write your site content. This method will make it possible for you to swiftly put all your resources in the most suitable place as you organize your notes based on your outline. For example, you may decide that you would like to write about Criminal Law. Research is an integral component of any college program. Sooner or later, you are going to find that the whole research paper examples will allow you to start and get you moving in the correct direction for you to reach the most effective possible mark you are able to. For a lengthier paper, it is crucial, or you will wind up overwhelmed by the sheer quantity of information that you have to assimilate, and write down. Bear in mind an article without bibliographical information is useless because you can't cite its source. You compose an outline to make sure you don't miss a few important thoughts and that everything is well-structured. When you consider something you may want to write about, do a cursory web search or head to your library and check out which type of literature can be found on the topic. When you are in possession of a very good idea of a logical order, go right ahead and complete the body of your outline. As soon as you get a very clear idea of how you will p repare your term paper, then you merely need to collect the info and fill in accordingly. How to Make a Research Outline at a Glance The flow of a part of text can be maintained only with a suitable outline. The ideal way to do this is to produce an outline. If making outline is part of your assignment, follow the directions you were given. The more points you would like to include, the more complicated outline you'll ever have. You might also see resume outline. An outline is intended to help you set a structure for a paper you will write. An easy outline but it's vitally important to follow it. It's also logical to compose a more comprehensive outline for yourself even in case the requirements are different. The How to Make a Research Outline Trap Let's look at how to form a research topic and find some great ideas. A research paper is all about learning on your own time, outside the classroom. It is going to naturally change although you develop your ideas. You can also state which type of approach it is you'll use in your paper for the whole discussion of your topic. When you're attempting to begin your research paper you want to get a very good outline and form some essential suggestions for research topics. Do not incorporate any write that isn't pertinent to your topic, nor include things like homework helpers grammar and punctuation for school sciences that you do not understand. Pick a topic you're passionate about. How to Make a Research Outline Help! For this reason, you should be specific it's written as clearly and powerfully as possible, along with the aid of a brilliant composition composing applications. Correct all errors you may spot and enhance the general grade of the paper to the best of your ability. At exactly the same time, there's an opportunity. There are several essential relationships between brand trust and loyalty that have to be explored, for example, the character of demographics, age, and memories of consumers. Explain briefly the important points you intend to research in your paper and why readers ought to be interested in your topic. Identify the sort of essay you're going to write. Definitely, there are always several things that are possible to do to make sure your very first essay is only a good one. Know how your essay is going to be evaluated. For a brief paper, of a few thousand words or less, an outline may not be vital. It is one of the most important parts of your paper and writing both. It should be put down in an organized manner so as to help you when you are actually writing down your research paper. By studying various outline samples, you're guaranteed to come up with the ideal research paper outline in almost no time. Explain briefly the key points you intend to cover in your paper and why readers ought to be interested in your topic. To begin, you're going to want a great topic and a strong focus so as to acquire your paper outline rolling. A great outline is easily the most crucial step in writing an excellent paper. For turning out a qualified argumentative paper it is critical that you produce an argumentative paper outline to aid you with the last writing.